How PERA Retirement Benefits Contribute $7.32 Billion to Colorado’s Economy

Each year, retirement payments to former public employees quietly boost local economies across the state of Colorado.

A June 2026 report by Pacey Nehls Economic Consulting shows Colorado PERA paid $4.78 billion in benefits to more than 119,000 state residents in 2025. As retirees spent those dollars on everyday needs like groceries, housing, and healthcare, that money flowed through local businesses to produce $7.32 billion in total economic activity, with $3.71 billion added to Colorado’s state economy.

The impact doesn’t stop with the first purchase. Businesses that receive retiree spending turn around and spend that money on their own supplies, payroll, and other needs. That sets off round after round of new spending, multiplying the impact of every pension check.

Pacey Nehls estimates that for every $1 paid out in PERA benefits, $1.53 in economic activity is generated in Colorado, which has helped to sustain 26,500 local jobs and $1.84 billion in wages for workers statewide.

Retiree spending also yields $406.6 million in taxes back to state and local governments. Retirees help pay for the things Colorado communities consistently rely on, from county roads to emergency services.

According to the report, consumer-facing sectors like real estate, healthcare, finance, and retail businesses see the biggest benefit, accounting for nearly two-thirds of what retirees spend.

A major reason these dollars circulate so effectively across local businesses is that most of the money stays in Colorado. More than 85% of total benefit distributions are paid directly to retirees who continue to live in the state, and those funds repeatedly change hands as retirees pay taxes and frequent local shops.

And although over half of total distributions go to the Metro Denver region, PERA payments carry an outsized impact in rural communities. In regions like the Pueblo-Southern Mountains and the San Luis Valley, pension distributions account for more than 10% of total local payroll — compared to less than 2% in the Denver metro area.

Because the PERA Defined Benefit Plan provides retirement income for life, these monthly distributions remain fixed and predictable regardless of market volatility. For rural towns, that steady spending helps keep local businesses and tax revenue stable, even when the broader economy slows down.

A map showing PERA benefits paid by county.
PERA benefits land in the bank accounts of retirees in every corner of the state, from the Front Range to the Western Slope and Eastern plains. Click or tap for an interactive county-by-county breakdown.

Statewide PERA distributions have climbed 95% since 2009, when annual payments totaled $2.45 billion.

Over the past decade, PERA’s pooled investments have returned an average of 9.5% annually, well above the fund’s 7.25% target rate of return. Those investment gains, not just contributions from employers and employees, have made up more than 60% of all additions to the fund since 1987.

Every dollar paid to a retired teacher, State Trooper, or local government employee keeps moving through Colorado’s economy long after it lands in a bank account. And behind these statewide figures are individual stories of retirees who’ve chosen to stay rooted in the communities where they built their careers and continue to support their neighbors.

For more information and access to detailed breakdowns by region and county, download the 2026 Economic and Fiscal Impacts report.

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The Latest on Social Security’s Finances and Future

Most PERA members do not pay into Social Security while they work for a PERA employer; PERA serves as a substitute for Social Security, providing retirement income as well as survivor and disability benefits. However, many PERA members also expect to receive a Social Security benefit in retirement due to outside private-sector work.

We’re taking a look at where things stand and the latest efforts to improve Social Security’s finances.

Did you know? Colorado PERA has been providing public employees with retirement and other benefits since 1931, longer than Social Security. PERA and Social Security are separate benefit programs and neither affects the other. Learn more about PERA and Social Security.

Social Security’s financial health

Every year, the Social Security and Medicare Boards of Trustees release a report outlining the financial status of the trust funds from which Social Security and Medicare benefits are paid. According to the most recent report, the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) Trust Fund, which pays retirement and survivor benefits, has enough money to pay full benefits until late 2032. The Disability Insurance (DI) Trust Fund is in better shape and is expected to continue paying full benefits through at least 2100. If the two funds were combined, they would deplete their reserves in 2034, according to the report.

It’s important to note that the OASI trust fund will not run completely out of money in 2032; contributions continue to flow into the trust fund through federal payroll taxes, and that regular income is enough to fund 78 percent of scheduled benefits, according to the Trustees report.

Windfall Elimination Provision and Government Pension Offset

In early 2025, then-President Joe Biden signed into law the Social Security Fairness Act, which repealed Social Security’s Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP) and Government Pension Offset (GPO). The WEP and GPO had been in place for decades and reduced Social Security benefits for retirees who also received a pension for work not covered by Social Security.

For PERA members, that means retirees who previously saw their Social Security benefits reduced because they receive a benefit from PERA now receive full earned benefits from both PERA and Social Security.

That’s great news for retirees, but the higher benefit payments from Social Security put additional strain on the system’s finances and may speed up the rate at which the OASI trust fund spends down its reserves by six months.

Proposing solutions

The latest Social Security Trustees report has renewed interest among Congressional lawmakers and others to find solutions to the program’s funding struggles.

One such proposal comes from Sen. Bernie Moreno of Ohio and Sen. Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts. They’re calling for lifting the current cap on income subject to payroll taxes for Social Security, which would result in higher earners paying more into the system. Doing so could add trillions of dollars in additional funding to Social Security over the next decade, they say.

A separate proposal from the nonpartisan Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget (CRFB) focuses on reducing expenses by placing a limit on Social Security benefits. Under the CRFB proposal, benefits would be capped at $100,000 per year, which could save the program more than $100 billion over 10 years, the group said.

To encourage action on the issue, a bipartisan group of lawmakers introduced a bill known as the PROMISE Act, which lays out procedures for introducing and considering legislation to improve Social Security’s solvency. The bill would also create a process for reviewing and addressing the system’s finances every 10 years to ensure Congress is proactive in tackling future shortfalls.

PERA On The Issues will continue to follow this issue and provide updates as legislators tackle Social Security’s finances. Subscribe to our biweekly newsletter to receive updates right in your email inbox.