Americans Underestimate This Retirement Risk. Do You?

Consider these two questions:

Question #1

Which of the following poses the biggest retirement risk in the United States?

  • Market risk (investment losses)
  • Family risk (unforeseen needs of family members)
  • Longevity risk (outliving savings)
  • Health risk (unexpected health expenses)
  • Policy risk (changes in law that affect retirees)

Question #2

What is the average life expectancy for someone who is 65 today?

The Answers – and Why They Matter

New research shows that longevity risk poses the biggest threat to retirees. However, most people perceive market risk as the biggest risk to their retirement.

The answer to Question #2 underscores why retirees should take Question #1 seriously: Data shows that the average 65-year-old woman will live to be 86.1, and the average man lives to be 83.5.

The average response to this question, however, shows that people underestimate this reality: 65-year-old women guess 78.2 while men guess 77.4.

That gap—six to eight years—represents a retirement that’s longer than retirees anticipate. If relying heavily on defined contribution accounts, a retirement plan that accounts for 12 years of spending instead of 20 can lead to serious problems down the line.

The Benefit of Lifetime Income

Retirement plans that rely heavily or completely on defined contribution accounts carry more individual risk: increased market risk, increased longevity risk. A person might enter retirement with seemingly adequate 401(k) savings. The first 10 or 15 years of retirement could even go exactly as planned. But retirements can last longer than expected. Investments can underperform at any point. Savings can dry up.

Retirees in a defined benefit plan like PERA’s receive a steady stream of income they can’t outlive. Member contributions, employer contributions, and investment returns together help fund the retirement for thousands of members. The individual does not bear the risk of outliving retirement savings in plans like these.

Those who are fortunate to have a retirement that’s longer than average—and the average PERA member has a higher life expectancy than the average American—know the value of a defined benefit plan first-hand. Currently, more than 17,000 PERA retirees are between 80 and 89. Nearly 4,000 are between 90 and 99. About 100 are 100 or older.

What Lifetime Income Means to PERA Members

Michael Judish has been a PERA Customer Service Representative for 15 years. During his tenure he’s spoken with countless PERA retirees and family members who have commented on the value this type of benefit provides.

Judish said that the annual statements retirees receive often prompt calls to PERA. The statements show how much retirees put into their account and how much they’ve received in retirement. On average, retirees receive all of their contributions, plus interest, back in the first five years of retirement. But the benefit lasts a lifetime, whether that means 10, 20, 30 years or more.

Michael Judish
PERA Customer Service Representative

“Many retirees will call in and ask ‘am I still receiving a benefit?’” Judish said. “Many can’t fathom how much they have received compared to how much they put in. There is a lot of appreciation when they see the actual numbers.”

Family members of retirees who have recently died often express similar sentiments. “Children maybe realize that they didn’t need to come up with money for their parents because their parents had a lifetime benefit,” Judish said. “Although many of these relatives aren’t PERA members, they knew their relative had a benefit they could rely on, and they were grateful.”

Judish added that the benefits of lifetime income extend beyond the bank account. The peace of mind contributes to overall health, too. “People have told me that part of the reason they have a long life is PERA,” he said. “Knowing that they had a lifetime benefit took a lot of stress out of their life. The longer they live, the more grateful they seem to be.”

News You Should Know: The Total Cost of Health Insurance

2020 Employer Health Benefits Survey | Kaiser Family Foundation

This survey is geared toward employers who provide health insurance to employees. But the findings are eye-opening for individuals, too. They illustrate why the average American worker who retires before Medicare age faces sticker shock when shopping for health insurance.

In 2019, employees paid an average of $5,588 annually ($465 monthly) in premiums for family coverage through their employers. Employers, meanwhile, chipped in a staggering $15,754 ($1,312 monthly). Combined, family coverage ended up costing $21,342 per year ($1,778 monthly).

That employer contribution can obscure the overall cost of coverage. That, in turn, can explain why prices seem to jump so much when moving from employment to retirement. The overall price likely didn’t change too much. Instead, it’s losing the employer contribution that leads to the big jump in prices early retirees see.

Studies Confirm That Half Of Americans Struggle With Retirement | Forbes

Retirement experts have been warning about a retirement crisis for decades. That prediction is turning into an observation. For the next two decades, 10,000 people will blow out 65 candles on their birthday cakes—every single day.

Despite the drumbeat of warnings, about half of employees “are concerned with their household’s financial wellbeing.” And half of households “are in danger of lacking sufficient funds to continue their standard of living once they stop working.” This article explores why. (Note: it focuses on those who rely on defined contribution accounts for retirement).

The case for a retirement roommate | NNY360

The cost of renting is going up. And more than 40 percent of people age 65 and above live alone. Why not address both issues at once?

This author makes the case that more retirees should consider finding a roommate. Not only can it make financial sense, but having a roommate can also fend off one of the biggest risks retirees face: social isolation. It might not be for everyone, but it could be a great solution for many. In fact, one room-renting website reported that the number of users over 50 is growing twice as fast as other demographics.

How to Pick the Right Medicare Plans for You | Kiplinger

October is open enrollment time. For those looking for Medicare plans, navigating the options can be tricky. There are many parts (A, B, D) to consider, doughnut holes to avoid, and more. This article is an overview of what you need to know when assessing your needs and the available options.

(Note: PERA retirees have multiple Medicare insurance plans available through PERACare. During the month of October, you can attend a virtual meeting to learn more about how these plans work.)

News You Should Know is a digest of news from publications around the nation about finance, investing, and retirement.

Retirement Planning in the Spotlight this October

October is National Retirement Security Month. The aim: to increase understanding and emphasize the importance of planning for retirement, particularly for public employees.

Learn about the history behind this campaign, details and resources available this year, and more below.

  • The National Association of Government Defined Contribution Administrators (NAGDCA) has been raising awareness of retirement preparedness since 2006. Originally conceived of as National Retirement Security Week, the campaign grew this year and now spans the entire month of October.
  • The United States Senate unanimously approved a resolution acknowledging National Retirement Security Month. The resolution comes “with the goal of increasing the retirement savings and personal financial literacy of all people in the United States and enhancing the retirement security of the people of the United States.”
  • Anyone can register for webinars covering a variety of retirement-planning topics. ICMA-RC, an organization founded in 1972 to help public sector employees build retirement security, is hosting.
  • In addition to webinars, ICMA-RC created some of the most visually interesting retirement calculators you’re likely to come across.

Retirement planning is a year-round activity at PERA, as these stats from 2019 show.

  • The number of times PERA members logged into their PERA account topped 1.6 million.
  • Members were busy projecting future income as they planned their retirement budget. They ran more than 323,000 calculations using the monthly retirement benefit calculator on copera.org.
  • More than 29,000 attended a presentation led by PERA’s Field Education team.
  • PERA’s benefit counsellors held 4,560 individual appointments with members, most of whom are nearing retirement.

Estate Plans: Why You Need One and Where to Start

There are so many reasons to put off estate planning. Maybe one of these sounds familiar:

  • I’m too young to think about this
  • Sounds like something you do if you’re rich—and I’m not
  • That sounds depressing!
  • It seems complicated, and I don’t know where to start

None of these are good reasons, however.

October is National Estate Planning Awareness Month. Putting the spotlight on estate planning helps clear up a few things:

  • Age has nothing to do with it
  • Your net worth has nothing to do with it
  • Taking control is empowering
  • There are some easy ways to get started

Estate planning means a lot more than deciding who gets your stuff when you die. It means making decisions now that could affect your future—including while you’re very much alive. PERA members can take steps today to make sure their PERA accounts align with their overall plans.

Plan for the Unexpected

Estate planning is an umbrella term. Every component of an estate plan shares something in common: Each one helps make your intentions clear.

Yes, it includes indicating what happens to your house, car, and bank account when you die. But it also includes choosing today who could access your bank accounts and make decisions on your behalf if you couldn’t do it yourself in the future. It states who can make medical decisions for you if you can’t. It also sets limits on the types of decisions your representatives can’t make.

Delegate Financial Decisions

If you are ill or incapacitated, you might want—or need—someone to make decisions on your behalf, including financial decisions.

PERA’s Customer Service team sometimes hears from well-meaning family members who are stepping in to assist a family member who is also a PERA member. Maybe they are trying to help pay bills or transfer a member’s monthly benefit to a new bank account.

However, without proper documentation, even family members are barred from accessing member accounts. Here are ways you can take action now:

  • You might want to allow someone to have access to your financial accounts or with companies that send you bills. The Colorado legislature created a universal power of attorney form anyone can use. It allows you to choose exactly what your representative can and can’t do. This document from the Colorado Bar Association answers a few common questions and includes a copy of the form, beginning on page 9.
  • If you don’t have a power of attorney, your loved ones may have to seek a guardianship or conservatorship in the courts. This can be an arduous process.

After you fill out a power of attorney form, what then? Keep it with your important papers at home? Not exactly.

“If you have a power of attorney form filled out, you might as well give it to PERA,” said PERA Senior Staff Attorney Jennifer Schreck. “You often don’t know ahead of time when you’ll need a representative acting on your behalf, so it’s good to make sure it’s on file as soon as you’ve completed it.”

Keep Your Beneficiaries Current

Choosing beneficiaries for your accounts is an easy way to ensure your assets will be handled the way you want them to be. It’s important to periodically review this from time to time as your preferences or circumstances might change. It’s also important to coordinate your will with your beneficiary designations: If your will says one thing but your beneficiary designations say another, the name(s) listed on your beneficiary forms will supersede whatever your will states.

You have the option to name a beneficiary(s) to your PERA DB account, and you can change this at any time. (Note: PERA survivor benefits go into effect before your named beneficiary).

If you have a 457, 401(k), or Defined Contribution account with PERA, consider reviewing the beneficiaries to these accounts, too. These accounts are not subject to survivor benefits rules.

Delegate Medical Decisions

None of the above forms allow a person to make medical decisions on your behalf or access your medical information. For that, you’ll need a medical power of attorney. Colorado’s legislature has not created a universal form, but you can find a few forms, like this one, available online for free from reputable institutions.

Work with an Attorney

You can fill out the above forms at your kitchen table, provided you sign them in front of a notary public. They lay out your options and let you make decisions via checkboxes. So at what point should you pay for legal expertise?

“I don’t think you need an attorney to create a power of attorney document as long as you’re using the recommended form,” Schreck said. “If you start planning for your estate with a will or trust, however, then you’ll probably want to talk to an attorney.”

News You Should Know: Engagement Beats Divestment

More important to engage with companies than divest, panelist tells WPS | Pension & Investments

A panelist at a discussion hosted by Pensions & Investments made the case that engagement is more effective than divestment. Even if you agree with the aims of any particular divestment movement, divestment doesn’t work he argued. Why? Divestment doesn’t affect companies. Selling a share of a company to a different shareholder does not create a deterrent for the company. Engagement is a more effective avenue, the panelist argued. Owning a share means owning a vote at a company’s annual meeting. That can influence company policies over time.

IRS Announces 2021 Retirement Plan Contribution Limits For 401(k)s And More | Forbes

The IRS announced minor changes to rules governing retirement contributions for 2021. Limits stay the same for 401(k) and 457 accounts ($19,500, or, for those 50 and older who utilize the catch-up provision, $25,000) and IRAs ($6,000). The IRS did bump up income limits for those hoping to deduct IRA contributions from their tax bill. The article contains more details about these changes and others.

5 Mistakes To Avoid With Retirement Account Beneficiary Selections | Forbes

This story in PERA On The Issues outlined the importance for making an estate plan. In this article, learn more about common mistakes people make with their beneficiary selections and why they matter. For example, this author has seen a mother of six leave her life insurance beneficiaries untouched since her first child was born. He’s also known a man who named his wife as an account beneficiary. What’s the problem with that? He’d remarried since then—twice.

Neal, Brady unveil retirement savings proposal | Roll Call

This bipartisan bill has emerged from the House Ways and Means Committee. It also comes just months after the passage of the CARES Act, which modified rules for retirement accounts. While this bill isn’t expected to become law this year, it sets the tone for continued discussions about retirement legislation in the coming year. Among other things, the bill would: increase the tax credit for any small employer that starts a workplace retirement plan, further increase the age when required minimum distributions kick in, and allow employers to include student loan repayments as matching contributions for a retirement account.

News You Should Know is a digest of news from publications around the nation about finance, investing, and retirement.

The Future of Service at PERA

Every year, CEM Benchmarking releases a report detailing the performance of 72 global pension systems and the cost associated with running each.

PERA consistently ranks very highly against peer organizations. “PERA delivers high levels of service at low cost to members,” has become a familiar refrain on this website every October.

Patrick Lane, PERA’s Chief Benefits Officer, said the report provides the valuable opportunity to evaluate PERA’s services. He added that PERA’s consistent track record is worth taking note of. On any given day, however, Lane is not thinking about PERA’s ranking. He’s thinking about how the future of service delivery is going to look different than it does today.

Establishing a Baseline

The CEM report compiles data at an extreme level of detail. For example, PERA submits dozens of factors about its digital operations, from the ability to “download or print duplicate tax receipts” to the number of videos published online.

These data points, which encompass PERA’s service delivery across the board, are aggregated into a single “total service score.” PERA scored an 88 out of a possible 100 in this year’s report. The median score of PERA’s peer group, which consists of 12 other pensions of similar size, was 82. The total cost to administer PERA averaged $50 per member per year, below the peer average of $61.

“The PERA Board of Trustees and staff are committed to providing outstanding service that also demonstrates our commitment to spending assets wisely,” Lane said. “It’s rewarding to be recognized for providing high-quality, cost-effective services, but we must continue to pursue improvement and innovation in the way we serve our members.”

Pursuing Quality

The CEM report delivers valuable insights. For example, the report captures the array of services available to members (e.g. “how many tasks can a member perform online?”), metrics related to efficiency (e.g. “what was the average call time when calling customer service?”) and volume (e.g. “how many members attended an in-person educational session?”). But it doesn’t capture everything.

Patrick Lane, Chief Benefits Officer at PERA

For instance: Are there any online tools this report does not address that members want? When does a longer-than-average call to customer service indicate a representative’s patience and ability to work through a complicated problem with a member rather than an inefficiency? What do educational opportunities look like five years from now, and how can PERA reach members who aren’t inclined to attend an educational session? These are the types of questions Lane considers.

“Quality is something we must always focus on,” he said, while also pointing out that quality is tough to measure in data-driven analyses like the CEM report. PERA does measure quality through thousands of surveys sent to members throughout the year that gauge member satisfaction on interactions with multiple PERA departments. Put together, these various sources of information provide insight into PERA’s ability to meet member expectations.

The COVID Effect

The global pandemic has ushered in changes to PERA services. “The nature of the business disruption was different than anything we’ve ever seen,” Lane said. “This is the only event in our lifetime that has had a truly universal impact: Everyone is experiencing this, though in different ways.”

Lane said that at the pandemic’s onset, the demand for PERA services initially decreased. “People were thinking about more immediate needs,” he said. By June, however, “it was back to our normal workloads.”

Some PERA services changed dramatically and the pandemic provided unexpected opportunities to improve and expand. “The most obvious is that Field Education presentations and one-on-one member counseling pivoted from in-person to completely virtual,” Lane said. “We did this overnight without a disruption in service and haven’t heard of any negatives from our members.”

Lane said that these additions were part of PERA’s long-term plans before the pandemic began. But the sudden halt of in-person meetings led to the rapid development and roll-out of these digital channels.

Looking Ahead

Web-based meetings are just one area of change. Other areas of focus in the coming months include reducing paper-intensive processes, making more information readily available on member accounts, and simplifying and automating online calculators.

Lane mentioned that the introduction of the PERA new member journey is a recent example of the work PERA is doing to engage members in a new, more intentional way. The new member journey is a series of communications during a new member’s first year that should increase the awareness of how a PERA benefit works over that employee’s career.

Enhancing service also means strengthening relationships with PERA’s contacts at the more than 500 PERA employers throughout Colorado. These people work to deliver essential information to PERA and often serve as de facto PERA experts for their coworkers. “PERA is just one in a number of responsibilities our contacts have,” Lane said, recognizing the demands placed on employer representatives, even before the pandemic. “We are really trying to invest in that two-way communication to be more effective partners in what ultimately becomes a service to our members.”

Moving PERA into the future requires taking in a lot of information—findings from the CEM report, changing conditions due to COVID, goals laid out in the Board’s strategic plan—and moving forward.

High marks from the CEM report show that PERA is operating efficiently. But there is no measure that can capture whether an organization is ready for the future. Lane knows that this is the ultimate aim of the organization. And, at a time in which most PERA staff members are working from home, the need to innovate is more apparent than ever.

To that end, Lane said that a phrase often used by PERA Executive Director Ron Baker resonates: “We won’t be returning to the same organization we left in March.”